- Location
- Area of the [[Human Brain]] where the temporal and parietal lobes meet
- Positioned at the posterior end of the lateral sulcus (Sylvian fissure)
- Functions
- Multisensory integration
- incorporates input from the [[thalamus]], [[limbic system]], and sensory systems (visual, auditory, somatosensory)
- integrates information from both the external environment and internal bodily states
- [[Social cognition]]
- [[Theory of Mind (ToM)]]: understanding others’ beliefs, intentions, perspectives
- empathy and moral reasoning
- self–other distinctions
- Attention reorienting
- shifting focus to novel or unexpected stimuli
- Information processing
- collects and processes diverse sensory and cognitive information
- Neural Connectivity
- Strong links with [[Prefrontal Cortex]], [[Amygdala]], [[Posterior Cingulate Cortex]]
- Acts as a hub integrating sensory, emotional, and cognitive streams
- Clinical/Research Insights
- Lesions can impair theory of mind, empathy, and moral decision-making
- Damage can produce out-of-body experiences (OBEs)
- Electromagnetic stimulation of TPJ can trigger OBEs and distort self–other boundaries
- Abnormal activity associated with multiple disorders:
- anxiety disorders
- amnesia
- Alzheimer’s disease
- autism spectrum disorder
- [[schizophrenia]]