## Definition Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a chronic, relapsing condition characterized by compulsive use of psychoactive substances (e.g., alcohol, opioids, stimulants) despite significant harm to health, relationships, and daily functioning. It is classified as a mental health disorder due to its complex interaction between neurobiological, [[Psychology|psychological]], and social factors. ## Key Features - Persistent cravings and inability to control use - Increased tolerance and withdrawal symptoms - Continued use despite physical, emotional, or social consequences - Functional impairment across personal, occupational, and social domains ## Causes & Risk Factors - **Biological:** Genetic predisposition, altered [[Human Brain|brain]] reward pathways, neurochemical imbalances - **[[Psychology|Psychological]]:** [[Trauma]] history, co-occurring mental health disorders, poor emotional regulation - **Social:** Peer influence, poverty, family dysfunction, lack of access to care ## Impacts - **Individual:** Physical health deterioration, cognitive decline, mental health comorbidities, reduced quality of life - **Family:** Conflict, financial strain, intergenerational [[trauma]] - **Society:** Increased healthcare burden, crime rates, loss of productivity ## Interventions & Approaches - **Medical:** Detoxification, Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT), management of comorbid conditions - **[[Psychology|Psychological]]:** Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing (MI), [[trauma]]-informed care - **Social:** Peer support groups, family therapy, community-based rehabilitation - **Preventive:** Education, harm reduction strategies, early screening and intervention ## Why It Matters Substance Use Disorder is a leading global public health issue, contributing significantly to morbidity, mortality, and economic loss. Effective, evidence-based interventions can reduce the disease burden, improve recovery rates, and support reintegration into society. - **Definition**: Conditions characterized by an individual's inability to control their use of a legal or illegal drug or medication. - **Symptoms**: Cravings, withdrawal symptoms, and continued use despite negative consequences. - **Treatment**: Behavioral therapies, medications, and support groups (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous). ## Topics - [[Alcoholism]]