General mental capability involving reasoning, problem-solving, abstract thinking, learning, and adapting to new situations. Intelligence encompasses multiple cognitive abilities. - Theories of Intelligence - Spearman's g factor - general intelligence underlying all cognitive tasks - Cattell-Horn-Carroll - hierarchical model with general and specific abilities - Gardner's multiple intelligences - distinct types (linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, etc.) - Sternberg's triarchic theory - analytical, creative, practical intelligence - Components - Fluid intelligence - reasoning and problem-solving in novel situations - Crystallized intelligence - accumulated knowledge and skills - Processing speed - efficiency of mental operations - Working memory capacity - Measurement - IQ tests - standardized assessments (e.g., WAIS, Stanford-Binet) - Cognitive ability batteries - domain-specific measures - Performance-based assessments - Factors Influencing Intelligence - Genetics - heritable component - Environment - education, nutrition, stimulation - Brain structure - cortical thickness, white matter integrity - Age - fluid intelligence peaks in young adulthood, crystallized continues to grow - Related Topics - [[Cognitive Psychology]] - mental processes - [[Human Mind]] - broader cognitive abilities - [[Problem-Solving]] - application of intelligence - [[Learning]] - acquisition of knowledge